• Attending staff, Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital.

• General dentistry
• Endodontics
• Special needs dentistry

• DDS, Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University

• Chief resident, Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital
• Resident, Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital

When a tooth is suffering from dental caries, severe periodontitis, or dental trauma, the pulp tissue may be infected. The infection may further affect tissues around the apical area of the tooth, therefore, root canal treatment is indicated. During treatment, the infected tooth would be isolated by dental rubber dam, and the infected / necrotic pulp tissue would be removed with aseptic procedures. After complete disinfection, the tooth would be filled with gutta-percha. After treatment, prosthesis fabrication is suggested to protect the tooth from occlusal force, and to prolong the longevity of the tooth.